There are several techniques for collecting the mechanical energy of water into a water turbine generator. This pap er intends to design the runner and nozzle with needle for Pelton turbine that will generate 220 kW output power from head of 213 m and flow rate of 0.135 m. 3 /s. To use this spreadsheet you will need to click, in the bottom right hand corner on this icon -> and download the excel sheet. Mitchell is the original inventor of the turbine around 1900. Basic Rules; Capture energy . Low head refers to a change in elevation of less than 10 feet (3 meters). Simple Power Formulas . MICRO-HYDRO INSTALLATION SIZING (CROSS-FLOW TURBINE) This article is intended to help you build your own cross-flow turbine, also known as a Mitchell-Banki turbine. A vertical drop of less than 2 feet (0.6 meters) will probably make a small-scale hydroelectric system unfeasible. However, for extremely small power generation amounts, a flowing stream with as little as 13 inches of water can support a submersible turbine. It is based on the power of the water jet due to its mass flow rate, velocity and, the turbine wheel design, with its losses. The vertical drop (HEAD) creates pressure at the bottom end of the pipeline. Water power is the combination of HEAD and FLOW. The method of calculation and design proposed here, allows you to design the elements of a small hydroelectric power plant. Determine the available power. The best way to use this excel spreadsheet is, to download it to your computer and use it in a office program. The power line length is 50 meters to the battery. Tutorial hydroelectric turbine design 3/3:Choice sections, design draft tube . Conceptual Design of the turbine can be accomplished with design procedure of the cross-flow turbine as follow 2.1. Below is excel spreadsheet used for calculating hydro power. In simple terms, the maximum hydropower power output is entirely dependent on how much head and flow is available at the site, so a tiny micro-hydro system might produce just 2 kW, whereas a large utility-scale hydro system could easily produce hundreds of Megawatts (MW). For these head and c apacity of turbine, rotational speed is … Refer to the section on "Power Calculations" for more detailed explanations of these formula. Banki took up this design and explained its theory of operation in 1916. Hydro Turbine Blade Design A hydro turbine generator will only work if it is able to use the mechanical energy from water to spin the specially designed turbine blades and generator. Step 1. Guide to Hydro Power Part 1: Hydro Systems Overview How Water Power Works . This paper is devoted to the issues such as modelling the design parameters and operating modes and improving the design of micro hydroelectric power plants operating in low-pressure water flow. turbine is one of the most important parts to generate electricity. Preparing the Site Data This involves the calculations and measuring the net head of the hydro-power plant and its water flow rate. Water is diverted from a stream into a pipeline, where it is carried downhill and through the turbine (FLOW). Theoretical Horsepower* (HP) = HEAD (feet) x FLOW (cfs) 8.8 . i. Table 5 gives a calculation for the power that your installation could produce at the generator shaft. Theoretical Kilowatts* (kW) = HEAD (feet) x FLOW (cfs) 11.81 * Note that these are Theoretical Power equations (also called Gross Power), which do not account for the inevitable efficiency losses that will occur at various points within a hydro system. 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