With a wild population of fewer than 80 individuals, the Amur leopard is critically endangered and this is mostly as a result of human activities. WildCats is working hard to reduce these threats by funding appropriate conservation projects and educating and informing people about the importance of the Amur leopard and tiger. If you’re looking for Amur leopard pictures check out our gallery. Size: Male: length - up to 136cm; tail – 90cm, weight- … Rosettes on the flanks are 5 cm × 5 cm (2.0 in × 2.0 in) and widely spaced, up to 2.5 cm (0.98 in), with thick, unbroken rings and darkened centers. Amur leopards are relatively small in size. ALTA works in close co-operation with local, regional, and federal governmental and non-governmental organisations to protect the region’s biological wealth through conservation, sustainable development and local community involvement. Donate today to help support the world's wildlife. Females typically weigh 46 to 132 pounds (21 to 60 kilograms) and males usually weigh around 80 to 165 lbs. Inbreeding: With a population that dwindled to 35 individuals only a few decades ago, this is the only big cat with international approval to be considered for reintroduction using captive-bred Amur leopards. Litter size: 2–3 cubs. Adult males weight around 32-48 kg, and exceptionally large males weigh up to 75 kg. Males range from 42 to 54 inches, with a tail length of 32 to 35 inches. They have a large body and an adult would weigh about 180 – 300 kilograms. Their territory ranges from 30 to 130 square kilometres, Are known to use the same routes, rest areas and hunting trails for many years, Amur Leopards can run up to 60 kilometres an hour and jump 3 metres high, The species breeds from 2 years up until 15 years of age, Young are not able to see for the first 7 days, Cubs stay with their mother for up to 2 years, Breeding occurs in spring and early summer, Poaching – both poaching of the leopards as well as their prey. Hunting Habits: Amur leopards normally hunt at night and need large territories to avoid competition for prey. The larger male weighs 82 to 198lb (37-89.8kg) while females weigh 62 to 132lb (28 to 59.8kg). Russia and China. By this time, the population in Primorye had already contracted from one contiguous population into three isolated ones and there were an estimated 38 to 46 Amur leopards remaining in Russia, many of which depended upon habitat on both sides of the Russian-Chinese border. The average size is 50 to 90 kg (110 to 200 pounds) in weight, 210 cm (84 inches), excluding the 90-cm tail, in length, and 60 to 70 cm in shoulder height. The Amur Leopard or Far Eastern Leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) is one of the eight subspecies of leopard. The perfect habitat for the Amur Leopard is a temperate forest, which are found between tropical and polar regions. Their fur, which measures 0.79 – 0.98 inches in summer, grows to 2 inches in winter, thus providing them much-needed protection from the cold climate. They weigh between 70-125 pounds. Leopard Heights is the largest Amur leopard facility in Europe. Habitats. The length of hair on the back is 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in) in summer and up to 70 mm (2.8 in) in winter. Amur leopards have long legs which makes it easier for them to move through the snow. The Amur leopard’s rosettes are widely spaced and larger than those seen on other leopards. The coat consists of soft, but dense hair which is around 20-25 millimetres in length in the summer while reaching 70 millimetres in the winter. The forest needs to be able to support a large enough population of prey animals to support the leopards. Found mainly in the Russian Far East but also in North East China, the good news is that, although driven to the brink of extinction, the Amur leopard has recently seen a slight rise in numbers as a result of the hard work of conservationists worldwide. To support our conservation efforts you can become a supporter, and get a gorgeous box of Amur leopard themed mementoes to thank you for your support. Amur Leopard, located in the Russian Far East. There are likely still leopards in the rugged northern region of North Korea near the Chinese border, and it is also likely that animals from Southwest Primorye in Russia occasionally cross the border into North Korea, but reliable information is lacking. We aim to keep the latest Amur leopard facts here for you. Size. The coat consists of soft, but dense hair which is around 20-25, in length in the summer while reaching 70. Amur Leopards have long limbs which are well adapted to walking through deep snow, Amur Leopards start hunting just before sunset, They spend their days resting and hiding in caves or dense thickets, Amur Leopards are territorial, and generally are located in a river basin. In the tropics, leopard cats weigh 0.55–3.8 kg (1.2–8.4 lb), have head-body lengths of 38.8–66 cm (15.3–26.0 in), with long 17.2–31 cm (6.8–12.2 in) tails. Their tongue has tiny hooks so they can scrape the meat off the bones of their prey. An Amur leopard ( Panthera pardus orientalis), a subspecies of leopard, photographed at Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium in Nebraska. WildCats Conservation Alliance, (formerly ALTA & 21st Century Tiger) is a wild tiger and Amur leopard conservation initiative between Dreamworld Wildlife Foundation and Zoological Society of London, (UK charity # 208728). It is believed that animals will cross the borders between Russia, China & North Korea via the Tumen River. This in turn influences the condition of the forest and overall ecosystem – which supplies both nature and people with food, freshwater and many other resources. 25 to 48 kilograms. ALTA operates across Northeast Asia under the guiding principle that only co-operative, co-ordinated conservation actions from all interested parties can save these endangered species from extinction. The Amur leopard subspecies can … For camouflage in the snow, their coat is paler than other leopard subspecies. They weigh only about one pound, and are about 5 or 6 inches long. It had the length of 350 cm with the tail adding up to 39 inches. They weigh between 70 and 100 lbs. Weight: Males generally weigh 32-48 kg, but can weigh up to 75 kg. Temperate, Broadleaf, and Mixed Forests. 6. Their main prey items are hoofed animals such as sika, roe and musk deer. Their rosettes are widely spaced and larger than those seen on other leopards. Habitat: Amur leopards live in the temperate forests of Far Eastern Russia, experiencing harsh winters with extreme cold and deep snow, as well as hot summers. 60-74 centimetres in height. Females are smaller than the males at 25-43 kg. The Amur leopard’s rosettes are widely spaced and larger than those seen on other leopards. Females are smaller than the males at 25-43 kg. Poaching of the leopards mostly happens by local villagers in Russia, Encroachment – civilisation and roads disturbing the animals territory, Forest Fires – it is believed that 20% of the habitat burns yearly, with 46% burned at least once every six years. During the harsh winter, the hairs of that unique coat can grow up to 7cm long. Amur leopards in zoos show some evidence of breeding seasonality with a peak in births in late spring/early summer. An Amur leopard can lift a 150-pound deer in its jaws to a branch 15 feet in the air. Longevity: In the wild, leopards live for 10-15 years and they may reach 20 years in captivity. Prey: Amur leopards hunt a very wide variety of animals including roe deer, sika deer, badgers and hares. Over the years the Amur leopard hasn't just been hunted mercilessly, its homelands have been gradually destroyed by unsustainable logging, forest fires, road building, farming, and industrial development. Forest fires: These are a direct threat to Amur leopards as they reduce the animals’ natural forest habitat, replacing it with grasslands that leopards prefer to avoid. The threat which face the Amur Leopard include: The Amur Leopard and Tiger Alliance (ALTA) is an initiative of Russian and western conservation organisations to conserve the Amur leopard and the Amur tiger. Fur length varies from summer (0.7–0.9 in) to winter (2.8 in). Amur Leopards are top predators which means they play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy balance of species within their habitat. Sidebar Content. The first reliable estimate of leopard numbers in Russia was made by Dmitry Pikunov and Vladimir Abramov in the winter of 1972-1973. Development: Southwest Primorye is located close to the Russian borders with China and North Korea, making it an attractive area for infrastructure projects such as new railways, gas and oil pipelines and ports. A male Amur leopard measures 42 – 54 inches, excluding its tail, which in itself measures 32 – 35 inches. The Amur leopard, also known as the Far East leopard, is the world’s rarest big cat.A subspecies of the leopard, these animals are found in the forested transboundary region that spans the Russian Far East and China. The perfect habitat for the Amur Leopard is a temperate forest, which are found between tropical and polar regions. Until the end of January 2019, all funds raised will go to supporting the Sumatran Rhino Sanctuary in the heart of the Way Kambas National Park on the island of Sumatra which is successfully breeding this incredibly amazing animals. The male Amur leopards have the weight around 80 to 198 pounds. Typical for the Amur leopard habitat is in coniferous and deciduous forests of Manchu type. Male leopards are bigger and weigh more than female leopards. 1-1.36 metres in length. As of … Physical Description: Far Eastern leopards are much smaller than tigers, with males weighing 50-60 kg, and females a lighter 30-35 kg, with body length reaching about 1.5 m. The Amur leopard is the northernmost of all leopard subspecies. Males and females vary in weight. Countries. Amur leopards are highly protected, in Russia poachers of Amur leopards may be fined up to 1,100,000 rubles and be… Their tail adds another 25 to 39 inches (64 to 99 cm) to their length. These cats prefer areas with rugged, steep hills, rocky outcrops and watersheds. New research contradicts the widely held belief that world leopard populations remain high compared to other big cats. They are rather small in size and fall within the range of variation in linear measurement of the species. Experts say that pound for pound, leopards are the strongest of all cats. Forests in Southwest Primorye are relatively accessible, the area is more densely populated than most of the Russian Far East, and Russia has a hunting culture both for sport and for food. Only 50 Amur leopards exist in the wild. Weight: Males generally weigh 32-48 kg, but can weigh up to 75 kg. The coat of the Amur subspecies is pale cream or reddish-yellow in color, which becomes lighter in winter. Where at the Zoo. Their summer coat is coarse and the winter coat is dense with long and silkier fur. ZSL uses cookies on this website to enhance your user experience It is possible that a few leopards also exist in North Korea, but so far we have not been able to survey this area. Their coats have the strongest patterns throughout all leopard species. The temperate forests of the Russian Far East have long, cold winters and relatively mild summers. Mammal, carnivore. Despite being similar in size, Amur leopards are sexually dimorphic, with males naturally a bit heftier than the females. Males range from 42-54 inches, with a tail length of 32-35 inches. They have orange to pale coloured fur with black stripes. The Amur leopard is adapted to the cool climate by having thick fur which grows up to 3 inches long in winter. The Amur leopard differs from other leopard subspecies by its thick fur that is pale cream-colored, particularly in winter. Photograph by Joel Sartore, National Geographic Photo Ark. The ground colour is typically yellowish above and white below. 100% of your donation will go towards various wildlife conservation efforts of the animals displayed on this site. Physical features of the Amur leopard. Amur leopards are relatively small in size. This is more prevalent in the winter months, four anti-poaching teams with a total of 15 members in the Amur leopard range, monitoring of the Amur leopard population through snow track counts and camera trap counts, monitoring and analysis of the impact of fires on Amur leopard habitat and the effectiveness of fire-fighting, support for hunting leases and ungulate recovery program. The leopard varies greatly in size and markings. After a gestation period of around 12 weeks, cubs are born in litters of 1-4 individuals, with an average litter size of just over 2. It is estimated that this population has around 50 to 57 individuals which accounts for most of the remaining population. As recently as the 1970s, their population in the wild had dwindled to fewer than 30 individuals, making the Amur leopard is one of the world’s most endangered big cats and for this reason it is listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN, and CITES Appendix I for protection status. Studies have indicated that an increased tiger population in the Southwest Primorye area has not adversely affected the leopard population. The biggest Amur tiger weighed as much … Challenge events – tigers and Amur leopards. Made with ☕ and by EndangeredWildlife.org, have a thick coat of fur which is covered in spots. In 2000, a survey found just 30 Amur leopards in a small area along the border of Russia and China, making the Amur leopard the rarest big cat on Earth. The coat’s spots are of a pale, cream colour which is most strong during the winter, while the coat known to have a range from dense yellowish-red with a golden tinge to rusty-reddish-yellow. The Amur leopard probably went extinct in the wild in South Korea in the late 1960s, although some recent, unconfirmed reports suggest that a few leopards may remain in and around the demilitarized zone between North and South Korea. The most recent results from population monitoring in 2011 suggests there are now approximately 40 individuals and surveys carried out in China in 2012 estimate fewer than 20 leopards living in that region. The female Amur leopard is smaller than the male leopard. The largest specimen was shot in Sungari River in 1943. © 2020 WildCats Conservation Alliance. Russia’s Grizzly Coast. Amur leopards have long bushy tails of 32–35 in (81–89 cm). Snow can cover the ground for over half the year. By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies. People usually think of leopards in the savannas of Africa but in the Russian Far East, a rare subspecies has adapted to life in the temperate forests that make up the northern-most part of the species’ range. 70 -105 pounds. Amur tigers are not seasonal breeders, but can mate at … We've just launched our online store, selling merchandise designed to raise awareness of endangered wildlife. It is only found in the Russian Far East and North East China and the latest population census taken in 2017 suggests there are now around 100 individuals. The leopard can, however, grow much larger. For camouflage in the snow their coat is paler than other leopard subspecies. The leopard population in southwest Primorye remained approximately the same as the 1972 survey, 25 to 30 animals. They are quite helpless when newborn, and look like a little fuzzy ball of dark grey fur. Diet. For camouflage in the snow, their coat is paler than other leopard subspecies. At the shoulder they stand 45-75cm (1.5-2.5ft) tall. Its fur is fairly soft with long and dense hair. Females are smaller, weighing between 50 and 95 lbs. In 2005 and 2006 ZSL and its local partner, Phoenix Fund led a successful international campaign against a plan to build an oil pipeline terminal on the coast of the Sea of Japan in the range of both the Amur leopard and tiger. Amur leopards have thick white or cream fur with large, widely spaced black spots called “rosettes” covering the head, back, tail and legs. Description: The Amur leopard is adapted to the cool climate by having thick fur which grows up to 7.5 cm long in winter. (36 to 75 kg), according to the San Diego Zoo. The Amur leopard’s rosettes are widely spaced and larger than those seen on other leopards. Females are smaller than the males at 25-43 kg. This range shrank dramatically during the 20th century, due primarily to habitat loss and hunting. These fires cause grasslands to replace the forests which reduces the leopards habitat, Inbreeding – there is known to only be limited reproducing animals left which leads to a limited gene pool, Tigers will eliminate leopards if prey numbers are low. Taxonomic Category. The female has the weight around 60 to 130 pounds. Amur leopards are carnivorous. At the turn of the 20th century, the leopard was still found throughout much of southern Primorsky Krai. They then carry and hide unfinished kills, sometimes up trees, so that they are not taken by other predators. We are working with scientific partners to understand exactly how this disease is contracted by leopards and its origins. Their coats have the strongest patterns throughout all leopard species. Location: They are found in Southwest Primorye in the Russian Far East, and along the Russian border with Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province in North East China. Designed as a purpose built breeding and reintroduction facility, it won the BIAZA (British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums) award for Significant Advances in Husbandry and Welfare. Currently, the Amur leopard can only be found in Southwest Primorye (Russia). Their tongue has tiny rasps or hooks, called denticles, which are used to scrape the meat off of the bones of their prey. Common Names: Amurland leopard, Far Eastern leopard, Manchurian leopard, Korean leopard Basic Animal Group: Mammal Size : 25–31 inches at the shoulder, 42–54 inches long Both genders of the Amur Leopard are typically somewhere between 42 and 54 inches long and 25-31 inches tall at the shoulder. Leopards are larger than a house cat, but leopards are the smallest members of the large cat category. Weight. Its historic range extended throughout northeastern (“Manchurian”) China, the southern part of Primorsky Krai in Russia and the Korean Peninsula. Check out our Amur leopard facts below, or download our fast fact cards! They grow to only 3 to 6.2 feet (92 to 190 centimeters) long. If you can’t find the information that you need please do get in touch and we will do our best to help. This is a dramatic increase over the 57 leopards counted in the national park in 2015 and the first time in decades that the Amur leopard population has exceeded 100 animals. Competition: Although in other regions it seems leopards do not do well in areas where they share territory with tigers, this has not proved to be the case in Russia. The cubs stay with their mother for up to two years before becoming fully independent. The coat’s spots are, which is most strong during the winter, while the coat, known to have a range from dense yellowish-red with a golden tinge to rusty-reddish-yellow. Amur Leopards have a thick coat of fur which is covered in spots. Weight: Males generally weigh 32-48 kg, but can weigh up to 75 kg. The two main cities of Primorski Krai – Vladivostok and Ussurisk – are only two or three hours drive away, so the leopard’s range holds some of the most popular hunting grounds for city residents. Amur leopards are the rarest and most endangered big cats in the world. The temperate forests of the Russian Far East have long, cold winters and relatively mild summers. Disease: Diseases such as Canine Distemper Virus (CDV), are threatening the isolated and vulnerable Amur leopard population. Male Amur Leopard Amur leopards differ from other subspecies by a thick coat. Their tails add another 32-35 inches to their overall length. Thanks to conservation efforts, today the Amur leopard’s population is estimated to have increased to more than 100 individuals in the wild , and more than 300 in zoos across the world. The Amur leopard is a nocturnal animal that lives and hunts alone – mainly in the vast forests of Russia and China. How long is an Amur leopards tail? Meet the Amur leopard, one of the most endangered mammals on the planet. Since 1997, WCS has also assisted in implementing snow-track surveys, a method first used by Russian scientists for estimating leopard density and distribution in the 1970s. It is believed that a further 7 to 12 animals remain scattered throughout China. The main threats to the Amur leopard’s survival are: Poaching: Poaching of both leopards and prey species is a serious threat. The Amur leopard’s rosettes are widely spaced and larger than those seen on other leopards. These fires are often caused by humans, farmers and people with other interests. While male leopards weigh about 70 – 105 lb, the females, being smaller than them, weigh in the range of 55 – 95 lb. The forest needs to be able to support a large enough population of prey animals to support the leopards. A more recent count in the 1990-1991 winter revealed the population size in southwest Primorye to be stable at 30 to 36 animals, if migrants to and from China were included. Since 2002, WCS has camera-trapped between 8 and 16 Amur leopards on a study area at the northern end of the leopard's range. 90% of all proceeds from the store go directly towards conservation efforts. Snow can cover the ground for over half the year. The winter coat varies from fairly light yellow to dense yellowish-red with a golden tinge or rusty … A 1985 survey suggested that leopards had disappeared from the area southwest of Lake Khanka and from southern Sikhote-Alin. Their eyes and ears are shut, but they are vocal, making soft squeaking sounds, and their sense of smell is … Breeding: Females first breed at an age of 3-4 years. They silently watch their prey and ambush them using a burst of energy reaching speeds of up to 35 miles per hour. 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